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Application—The name of an original computer program used to generate type or artwork to be printed. Backup—A visual or verbal designation of how the front and back of a sheet will relate to each other. (example: "head to head" or "head to toe") Bleed—Ink that prints past the edge of the paper (it must be printed on an oversized sheet and then trimmed.) Blind emboss—Embossing a paper surface without any ink on it (there may be ink on other portions of the sheet).(see embossing) Coated paper—Paper that has had a coating applied to create a dull or gloss appearance. This type of paper causes less absorption of the ink, than uncoated paper, making the ink appear brighter or more glossy. Color break—The designation of which images and copy are to print in each color of ink. Die-cutting—A finishing process that utilizes a die (metal cutting rules set in a plywood base) to cut paper, often into non-straight lines or angled lines. (see kiss die-cutting) Dummy (or mockup)—A representation of a printed piece, not necessarily the full size. It could be created to show layout of copy and art. It could be created to show backup or finishing operations such as folding, die-cutting or gluing. Embossing—A finishing process that utilizes two complementary (male and female) shaped metal dies.Paper is placed between the dies, and with heat and pressure, is shaped. Foil stamp—A finishing process that adheres a thin piece of film, often metallic colors, to paper, utilizing heat and pressure. A foil stamp/emboss combination can be utilized for color and texture. Often this is used to make a crest. Font—Typeface (brand name of a particular look of type). (see stylized font) FPO—"For position only"- used on proofs to indicate a temporary or low resolution image that will be replaced with the high resolution image before creating plates. Gripper margin—The unprinted area required on the lead edge of the paper through the press. Our presses require a 5/16" to 7/16 " margin. Halftone—Method of reproducing single-color photographs in printing. The original continuous tone photograph is converted into many tiny dots. which through their varying density, simulates the original photograph. Ink coverage—A description of what percentage of the stock's surface is covered by ink. This information determines which equipment is required to run the job. Kiss die-cutting—Used on papers with two layers, such as label stock with a peel-off liner. The cutting pressure is reduced to cut through the top layer only, leaving the bottom layer intact. Negative—Film; intermediary step between camera ready copy (black and white reflective art) and plate in traditional prepress. Blueline or press match dry proofs are made from negative(s). Overrun/underrun—Because the print manufacturing process involves many steps, with varying complexity based on specifications, it is not possible to manufacture precise quantities. If you must receive a minimum quantity, or can not accept over a certain quantitiy, please advise us before your job enters production, so we can alter our specifications to best meet your objectives. Normal printing industry standards allow for +/- 10%. An adjustment for overruns or underruns will be shown on your invoice. Page—One side of a sheet of paper; if folded or bound, one side of one leaf. Page check—An abbreviated function of proofreading in which our proof is compared to customer supplied hard copy of a supplied electronic file to look for reflow, missing or moved items. Page size—The size of a single sheet; if folded or bound, the size of one panel. PDF—(Portable Document File)- this is a complete file format that includes all of the information such as font and image. It is also cross-platform compatible. PICT—In electronic prepress, a file format for an image. Preflight—In electronic prepress, it is the operation of evaluating a supplied electronic file to determine if all the elements necessary to print from it are included and useable. There are computer programs that will perform a preflight. It evaluates the file and advises of possible problems. Preflighting can be done manually by a computer operator who opens the file and evaluates every element of it and determines the likelihood of successful useability. We employ both methods, depending upon the type of file and method of printing. Prepress—The steps of the production process before the ink goes on the paper. Traditional prepress- production methods involving camera ready copy or art boards, film negatives, stripping (cutting and assembly) of film, film-based proofs and plates. Electronic prepress-production methods involving desktop publishing, scanning of artwork or photos, film output or plate output from an imagesetter. Process ink—"Full color printing" or "four color printing"; it is composed of four ink colors (cyan, magenta, yellow and black). Proofs—There are many different types of proofs available. In most cases, the type of proof shown is based on the method in which the copy and artwork was furnished or produced, and the type of printing equipment it will be produced on. Some choices are available based on your areas of concern.(see complete proof descriptions) Reflow—In electronically-based prepress, type can be displayed slightly differently on different computers, causing a single word to move to the next line or next page. Resolution—A description of the quality of the output relative to the number of dots per inch. There is a certain recommended minimum resolution, which will depend upon the method of printing. During preflighting, images will be checked to verify that their resolution is within recommended tolerances. If they are not, you may be advised that your images are "low-res". Right angle fold—A folding method utilizing two or more folds at 90 degrees to each other. Score—(or crease)- The bindery method of creating a groove in a paper utilizing pressure from a metal rule die or a rotary tool to ease the paper into folding at a specific place. Screen—A series of small dots at a specific density, that when printed, creates the illusion of varying shades of a single color of ink. This prepress technique is employed to achieve a multi-color look using a single color. Self cover—A booklet is described as having a "self cover" if the stock used for the cover and text are the same. Stock—Paper. Different papers are specified by their brand, grade, weight, color and finish. Specialty papers with color and texture can dramatically enhance a printed piece. Stylized font—In electronic prepress, frequently with PC based applications, when designing a piece to be printed, you have the option of applying a style to a font, such as bold or italic. These styles are removed when making film. To achieve a styled appearance, you must choose the styled font itself, such as "Times Roman Bold". If the font is not available pre-styled, you must choose another font that is. Thermography—Raised printing; often used on stationery products; may not be compatible with some laser printers. TIFF (tagged image file format)—In electronic prepress, a file format for an image. Trapping—Applying "choke and spread", either electronically or traditionally, to cause a slight overlap between two colors, preventing a small unprinted line between the colors with slight shifts of the colors during the press run. Varnish—Clear coating used to protect or enhance colored inks. It can be gloss or dull. It can be "flood" printed (printed over the entire press sheet) or "spot" printed (printed only over selected images).
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